The thyroid is a small gland with an enormous influence on fertility: its hormones regulate the metabolism of the entire body, ovaries included. Even slightly altered function can make the cycle irregular, disturb ovulation, and increase the risk of early miscarriage. That’s why checking it before trying to conceive is essential.
The starting test is TSH, often complemented by FT4 and anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO), which are useful for detecting Hashimoto’s thyroiditis – very common in women of reproductive age and often silent. One important detail: for those trying to conceive, many specialists consider a TSH lower than the standard laboratory range to be optimal. Here too, “within range” doesn’t always mean “optimal.”
And nutrition? The thyroid needs specific nutrients: iodine (note: in Germany fish consumption is relatively low on average and not all salt is iodized), selenium, iron, and vitamin D. Deficiencies in these elements can worsen thyroid function.
If you have a thyroid diagnosis or a family history, flag it to your doctor right away when you start trying to conceive: a small adjustment made in time can change the journey considerably.
